Federal vs Private 6 min read

What Is Veterans' Preference in Federal Hiring (and How to Claim It)

A clear explainer on the 5-point, 10-point, and category-based veterans' preference systems — and exactly how to claim each on USAJOBS.

Veterans' preference is the federal hiring boost veterans earn through service. It is not a quota.

The preference levels

  • TP — 5 points. Honorable service during a qualifying period.
  • CP — 10 points. Service-connected disability under 30%.
  • CPS — 10 points. Service-connected disability of 30% or more.
  • XP — 10 points (derived). For spouses, widows, or mothers in specific circumstances.

Category-rated vs numerically-rated jobs

Most modern announcements are category-rated. Veterans are placed into the highest category their qualifications support — preference doesn't add points, it floats you to the top of your category.

How to claim it on USAJOBS

  1. Set your preference type in your USAJOBS profile.
  2. Attach DD-214 (Member 4 copy), SF-15 if claiming derived or 10-point preference, and VA disability letter if applicable.
  3. Re-attach for every application.

What preference will NOT do

It does not override the basic qualifications, the specialized experience review, or the selecting official's choice within the highest category.

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